Valley of the Queens
Where Pharaohs’ Wives Were Buried
Luxor is known as the world’s greatest open-air museum, and it’s easy to see why. On the west bank of the Nile, the Valley of the Kings attracts millions of visitors who wish to see the tombs of famous pharaohs, including Tutankhamun and Ramses II. However, not far away is the quieter Valley of the Queens, known as Ta-Set-Neferu, meaning “The Place of Beauty” in ancient times.
This valley was the burial site for queens, princesses, and royal children, not kings. Over ninety tombs have been discovered here, providing a closer look at the lives of Egypt’s royal women and children. Although it doesn’t attract as many visitors as the Valley of the Kings, the Valley of the Queens offers stunning art, deep symbolism, and one of the most beautiful tombs in Egypt: that of Queen Nefertari.
What is the Valley of the Queens?
The Valley of the Queens is a burial site from the New Kingdom period (1550–1070 BCE). It is situated on the west bank of the Nile, opposite modern-day Luxor. The site was chosen because it is near important locations like Deir el-Medina, where the tomb builders lived, and the Valley of the Kings.
Unlike the large tombs of the kings, the Valley of the Queens feels more personal. Here, queens, princesses, and royal children were buried in beautifully decorated chambers that honored their journey into the afterlife. The valley’s name, Ta-Set-Neferu, shows that Egyptians valued beauty—not just physical beauty, but the everlasting beauty of the soul.
Luxor Tours & Activities
Looking to save some costs on your travel? Why not join a shared group tour to explore Luxor, Egypt? Here are some activities you might be interested in:
The Location of Valley of the Queens
The History and Significance of the Valley
The Valley of the Queens was first used during the 18th Dynasty, but it became important during the 19th and 20th Dynasties. Powerful pharaohs like Ramses II ruled during this time. They built tombs for their wives and children to honor them, making these tombs artistic and significant, even if they were not as large as those for kings.
The valley is special because it focuses on women and family. While pharaohs led Egypt politically and religiously, queens had important roles too. They were wives, mothers of future leaders, and priestesses. Their tombs show their importance as both partners to kings and sacred figures themselves.
Who is Buried in the Valley of the Queens?
Archaeologists have found over ninety tombs in the valley, but not all are open to visitors. Many tombs belonged to lesser-known queens and royal children, but a few are especially notable:
– Queen Nefertari (QV66): This is the most famous tomb in the valley and is also considered one of the most beautiful in all of Egypt.
– Prince Amenherkhepshef (QV55): He is the son of Ramses III, and his tomb has bright scenes that show the afterlife.
– Prince Khaemwaset (QV44): Another son of Ramses III, his tomb includes writings that emphasize his royal family.
– Queen Tyti (QV52): She may have been the wife of Ramses III, and her tomb has impressive images of gods and goddesses.
Each tomb shares a story not only about the person buried there but also about the cultural and religious beliefs of that time.
| Tomb Number | Name of Tomb Owner | Time Period/ Dynasty |
|---|---|---|
|
QV8 |
Prince Hori and Princess a King’s Daughter |
18 |
|
QV17 |
Princesses Merytre and Wermeryotes |
18 |
|
QV30 |
Tomb Nebiri |
18 |
|
QV31 |
Queen Anonymous till now in Valley of The Queens. |
19 |
|
QV33 |
Queen Tanedjemet |
19 |
|
QV34 |
Queen Anonymous |
19 |
|
QV36 |
Queen Anonymous |
19 |
|
QV38 |
Queen Sitre |
19 |
|
QV42 |
Prince Pareherwenemef |
20 |
|
QV43 |
Prince Seth-her-khopsef |
20 |
|
QV44 |
Prince Khaemwaset |
20 |
|
QV46 |
Vizier Imhotep |
18 |
|
QV47 |
Prince Ahmose |
17 |
|
QV51 |
Queen Iset Ta-Hemdjert |
20 |
|
QV52 |
Queen Tyti |
20 |
|
QV53 |
Prince Ramesses Meryamen / Ramesses IV |
20 |
|
QV55 |
Prince Amun-her-khepeshef |
20 |
|
QV58 |
Queen Anonymous till now in Valley of The Queens. |
19 |
|
QV60 |
Queen Nebettawy |
19 |
|
QV66 |
Queen Nefertari |
19 |
|
QV68 |
Queen Meritamun |
19 |
|
QV70 |
Nehesy |
18 |
|
QV71 |
Queen Bintanath |
19 |
|
QV72 |
Princess Neferhat / Prince Baki |
18 |
|
QV73 |
Queen Henuttawy |
19 |
|
QV74 |
Queen (Dua)Tentopet |
20 |
|
QV75 |
Queen Henutmire |
19 |
|
QV76 |
Princess Merytre |
18 |
|
QV80 |
Queen Queen (Mut-)Tuy |
18 |
|
QV81 |
Heka |
18 |
|
QV82 |
Prince Minemhat / Prince Amenhotep |
18 |
|
QV88 |
Prince MiAhmose |
18 |
The Tomb of Queen Nefertari: The Jewel of the Valley
The tomb of Queen Nefertari, the cherished wife of Ramses II, is the crown jewel of the Valley of the Queens, known as QV66. It is often called the “Sistine Chapel of Ancient Egypt” because of its stunning wall paintings.
Inside, visitors see bright frescoes that have lasted for over 3,000 years. The scenes show Nefertari playing board games with the gods, making offerings, and being led into the afterlife by goddesses like Isis and Hathor. The colors—deep blues, bright reds, and shining golds—are still remarkably vivid, showcasing the talent of ancient artists.
Due to its delicacy, Nefertari’s tomb is carefully protected. Only a limited number of visitors can enter each day, and tickets are sold at a higher price. For those who visit, it offers an unforgettable experience of Egyptian art and devotion.
Art, Architecture, and Symbolism
The tombs of the Valley of the Queens are smaller than the kings’ tombs, but they are still very impressive. Each tomb has a sloping corridor that leads to a burial chamber, often with side rooms. The walls show scenes of the deceased with gods and goddesses, quotes from the Book of the Dead, and images that symbolize rebirth.
Artists used mineral-based paints that have kept their bright colors for thousands of years. The symbols are meaningful: lotus flowers, ankhs, and solar discs represent eternal life. Protective deities watch over the queen’s journey. These tombs show us that in ancient Egypt, death was not an end but a step into a new, eternal life.
Visiting the Valley of the Queens: Practical Guide
The Valley of the Queens is a great place for modern travelers. It is located on the west bank of Luxor, close to the Valley of the Kings and Deir el-Medina, making it easy to visit in one day. The site usually opens in the early morning and closes in the late afternoon, but it’s best to check local times as they may change with the season.
A general entry ticket allows you to see several tombs, but you will need a separate, more expensive ticket to visit Nefertari’s tomb (Closed). Most visitors spend one to two hours there, but history lovers may want to stay longer.
When visiting, wear light, breathable clothing, comfortable shoes, and sun protection since it can get very hot. The most common way to get to the site from Luxor is by taxi, although many organized tours include it with other West Bank attractions. Arriving early in the morning can help you avoid the heat and a small but steady number of visitors.
Tips for Travelers
To make the most of your visit, consider hiring a guide who knows the area well. They can share stories and context about the tombs. Many visitors combine the Valley of the Queens with nearby sites like the Valley of the Kings, Medinet Habu, or Deir el-Medina for a full experience on the West Bank. Photography rules vary, but in most places, you cannot use flash, and touching the walls is not allowed to protect the delicate artwork. Accessibility can be challenging due to uneven paths and stairs, so wear sturdy shoes and bring water. Above all, respect the preservation rules; these tombs have lasted thousands of years, and we must help keep them safe for future generations.
Why the Valley of the Queens is Worth Visiting
Many travelers ask if the Valley of the Queens is worth a visit compared to the Valley of the Kings. The answer is yes. This valley is much less crowded, which makes for a more peaceful visit. It shows the important roles of women and children in ancient Egypt, often missed in stories about kings and pharaohs. The tomb of Nefertari is a highlight of the site, with its stunning artwork and special atmosphere.
The Valley of the Queens, along with the Valley of the Kings, helps us understand more about royal life and death. It reminds us that behind every great king, there were queens and children whose stories were just as important.
Got a Question?
F.A.Qs
The Valley of the Queens is an ancient burial site on Luxor’s west bank, used during Egypt’s New Kingdom (1550–1070 BCE). It was the final resting place of royal wives, princesses, and children, and is known in ancient Egyptian as Ta-Set-Neferu—“The Place of Beauty.”
More than 90 tombs have been discovered. The most famous is Queen Nefertari’s tomb (QV66), often called the “Sistine Chapel of Ancient Egypt.” Other notable burials include Prince Amenherkhepshef, Prince Khaemwaset, and Queen Tyti.
No, the public cannot currently visit Queen Nefertari’s tomb in the Valley of the Queens because it is closed for ongoing preservation and restoration efforts.
The site is located on Luxor’s west bank, near the Valley of the Kings and Deir el-Medina. Travelers usually reach it by taxi, private car, or as part of a guided tour. It’s easy to combine with other west bank attractions in a single day.
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